Abstract

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the testis determining gene—sex determining region Y gene ( SRY) . The determination of sex is one of the most fundamental developmental events for any organism. It sets the course for the entire life history of an individual within a population. The restrictions on behavior and physiology associated with sexual reproduction define populations as species. In humans, sexual development and sexual identity have a profound effect on the psychology of an individual and their interactions with the society in which they live. The chapter reviews the past four decades of research into mammalian sex determination, which developed into the search for a testis determining factor (TDF) and ultimately led to the isolation of SRY. It also presents the experimental evidence confirming that SRY is TDF and discusses the recent studies implicating SRY as an important regulator of gene expression, the search for its downstream target genes, and its place in the testis determining pathway.

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