Abstract
Grain quality is an indicator for the intensification of grain production, integrating the interaction of various agrotechnical measures and weather conditions. The purpose of this experiment is to determine the main trends in the yield and grain quality of spring durum and soft wheat in the conditions of the Orenburg Cis-Urals. The experiment was carried out in 2016-2020 at the permanent study area of the Department of Agriculture and Resource-Saving Technologies of the Federal State Budgetary Research Institution FRC BST RAS. The coordinates of the location of the test site is 55.306547º E 51.775125º N. The study established the influence of predecessors on the quality of wheat grain. The best among them were black fallow, winter crops, maize and peas. The quality of wheat grain cultivated in permanent crops without the use of mineral fertilizers decreased. The use of green green manure as fertilizer increases the content of wet gluten up to 34.0%. The aftereffect of green manure in severe dry years leads to an increase in the content of wet gluten in the grain of spring wheat.
Highlights
Determine the main trends in the yield and grain quality of spring wheat in the conditions of Orenburg Cis-Urals.The production of high-quality grain of spring wheat in the Russian Federation is an urgent present problem [1,2]
Grain quality is an indicator of the intensification of grain production, integrating the interaction of a variety of agrotechnical measures and natural and climatic conditions of wheat cultivation [3,4]
Predecessor species, nutrient status, weather conditions of the growing season to a greater extent affect the formation of grain quality of spring wheat
Summary
Determine the main trends in the yield and grain quality of spring (soft and durum) wheat in the conditions of Orenburg Cis-Urals. The production of high-quality grain of spring wheat in the Russian Federation is an urgent present problem [1,2]. Grain quality is an indicator of the intensification of grain production, integrating the interaction of a variety of agrotechnical measures and natural and climatic conditions of wheat cultivation [3,4]. In the conditions of the Orenburg region, the weather conditions of the growing season are of great importance for the formation of high-quality grain of spring wheat. In years with the least amount of precipitation, a relatively low yield of cultivated plants is formed, but the quality indicators of grain increase [8,9,10]
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