Abstract
The Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS) is a self-report instrument assessing pleasure experience. The present study aimed to confirm the factor model of the Chinese version of TEPS and test measurement invariance of the scale across gender in Chinese university students. Participants were 2977 (51% female) undergraduates aged from 16 to 27 years (Mean age = 18.9 years). Results indicated that the revised four-factor structure of the TEPS had acceptable fit in the total sample and in gender groups. Furthermore, configural, metric and partial scalar invariance across gender were established. Two of the items (item 4 and 8) demonstrated different intercepts and women scored higher than men on both items. With partial scalar invariance demonstrated, test of differences in latent means indicated that men had lower levels of pleasure when compared with women. To our knowledge, this study is the first attempt to test the measurement invariance of the TEPS across gender, which provides support for future research that involves examining hedonic capacity in Chinese men and women.
Highlights
Anhedonia, a reduced ability to experience pleasure in normally pleasurable situations (Harvey et al, 2007), is one of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and is a critical feature of depression related to social functioning in these patients (Kelley et al, 1999; Keshavan et al, 2011)
In 2012, Chan and colleagues examined the structure of Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS) in the Chinese context, with results finding that a four-factor model fit best in Chinese population
The Chinese version of TEPS consists of four distinct components, that is abstract anticipatory pleasure, contextual anticipatory pleasure, abstract consummatory pleasure, and contextual consummatory pleasure (Chan et al, 2012a; Li Z. et al, 2015)
Summary
A reduced ability to experience pleasure in normally pleasurable situations (Harvey et al, 2007), is one of the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and is a critical feature of depression related to social functioning in these patients (Kelley et al, 1999; Keshavan et al, 2011). Gard et al (2006) developed the Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS) based on theoretical models of anticipatory and consummatory pleasure. As they hypothesized, results in several large college-age samples supported the two-factor construct of trait disposition in experiences of pleasure. In 2012, Chan and colleagues examined the structure of TEPS in the Chinese context, with results finding that a four-factor model fit best in Chinese population. In this four-factor structure, the original two constructs of anticipatory and consummatory pleasure experience are further divided into abstract and contextual components. The Chinese version of TEPS consists of four distinct components, that is abstract anticipatory pleasure, contextual anticipatory pleasure, abstract consummatory pleasure, and contextual consummatory pleasure (Chan et al, 2012a; Li Z. et al, 2015)
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