Abstract
Square-shaped single-crystallineSnO2 nanowires and their sphere-like hierarchical structures were synthesized successfullywith a template-free hydrothermal approach. It was found that an intermediatephase—Na2Sn(OH)6—is first produced because it is slow to dissolve in ethanol/watermedia. The intermediate phase gradually decomposes and converts intoSnO2 at temperatureshigher than 200 °C. The reaction temperature also affects the microstructure ofSnO2 nanomaterials.Uniform square-shaped SnO2 nanowires, which form sphere-like hierarchical structures in 100% structure yield, can be producedat 285 °C on a large scale. The diameter of the nanowires shows a decrease accompanying the increase of thereaction temperature. The temperature effect could be a result of the faster and oriented growth ofSnO2 nanowires along their direction at higher temperature. Chemical sensors constructed with square-shapedSnO2 nanowires exhibit excellent stability, good sensitivity and selectivity, as well as a quickresponse and short recovery times under exposure to acetone gas in practicalapplications.
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