The temperature dependence of positron lifetimes in solid pivalic acid

Abstract

The temperature dependence of positron lifetimes in both the brittle and plastic phases of trimethylacetic (pivalic) acid 1 1 Trimethylacetic acid; 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid. has been examined using the positron lifetime technique. In the plastic phase two long-lived components attributable to ortho-positronium (ortho-Ps) decay are observed. The longer of these (≈2.8 ns) increases with temperature and is believed to be characteristic of ortho-Ps trapped at defects, probably mono- and di-vacancies. A shorter lifetime component (≈1 ns) which shows little temperature dependence is also present in the brittle phase. Additionally in the brittle phase and close to the transition region a longer lifetime is detected. This may also be associated with trapping of ortho-Ps in thermally created defects, probably vacancies. In the plastic phase the intensity of a short-lived component associated with para-Ps is confirmed to be approximately one third of the total intensity of the two long-lived components associated with ortho-Ps, but in the brittle phase it higher than one third. On using data for several plastic crystals a relationship is established between the lifetime of ortho-Ps trapped in a vacancy and the vacancy volume.