Abstract
The technology of physical education of primary-age pupils, based on the consideration of their typological characteristics, contributes to a significant improvement of health status, increases the level of physical abilities, mental and physical performance, and enhances motion activity. It is more effective as compared to traditionally applied physical and sporting technologies at secondary educational institutions.The distribution of means for physical education with consideration of the pupils’ body type, dosing physical loading with account of the individual levels of biological development and physical preparedness, the use of multi-level motion patterns with a glance to health status and type of motor development, and introduction of standards for physical fitness based on body mass index can significantly increase the effectiveness of physical education of primary-age children, attract them to regular physical exercising, and contribute to implementation of physical training as an important component of a healthy way of life. Purpose of the research: the goal of present research is to substantiate and develop the technology of differentiated physical education of primary-age pupils at gymnasiums and lyceums based on consideration of their typological characteristics.
Highlights
The last decade in Russia is noted by further worsening of health status and level of physical fitness of schoolchildren, manifestation of disharmony in their physical development, and a significant decrease in their physical performance (Abramishvili, 2014, pp. 7-12; Wilenskaya, 2006; Glazun, 2006; Ponomarev, 2006)
The distribution of means for physical education with consideration of the pupils’ body type, dosing physical loading with account of the individual levels of biological development and physical preparedness, the use of multi-level motion patterns with a glance to health status and type of motor development, and introduction of standards for physical fitness based on body mass index can significantly increase the effectiveness of physical education of primary-age children, attract them to regular physical exercising, and contribute to implementation of physical training as an important component of a healthy way of life
During the exploration term it was revealed that differentiated physical education of pupils had a significant impact on the functionality of their cardiovascular system
Summary
The last decade in Russia is noted by further worsening of health status and level of physical fitness of schoolchildren, manifestation of disharmony in their physical development, and a significant decrease in their physical performance (Abramishvili, 2014, pp. 7-12; Wilenskaya, 2006; Glazun, 2006; Ponomarev, 2006). 7-12; Wilenskaya, 2006; Glazun, 2006; Ponomarev, 2006) This negative trend requires making radical changes in the process of physical education at schools, beginning with elementary grades. Taking the classes on physical culture, children have different levels of health, physical fitness, theoretical and mental readiness to address the major problems of the educational process It is possible to eliminate these disadvantages in the course of class and extracurricular forms of physical education if taking into account orientation of child’s motor development, his natural predisposition to a certain type of motor activity, distributing children into typological subgroups Specialists recommend to differentiate pupils’ physical education considering and analyzing the following criteria: the pattern of motility (Blinkov, 2000), evaluation of morphological characters (Guba, 2010), the peculiarities of physical qualities development (Burlykov, 2006; Ermakov, 1996; Loroshkova, 1996), body-type affiliation (Aksenova, 2006; Karpov, 2011, pp. 113-117; Ponomarev, 2006), level of motor actions technique (Dobrydin, 1998; Kuznetsov, 2007, p. 38; Loroshkova, 1996), typological control methods (Kainov, 2005), harmonious features of physical development (Bobkova, 2006), the specificity of physical fitness www.ccsenet.org/ass
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