Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as the coronavirus pandemic, is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). It was first discovered in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and continues until now, which becomes one of the deadliest pandemics in history and leads to a global recession. Thus, the production of the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 become extremely urgent for all countries in order to control the epidemic. Therefore, the scientific community has made the rapid and significant progress in the development of vaccines against COVID-19, i.e., the entire vaccine manufacturing and production cycle has been greatly shortened. Up to now, more than 200 candidate vaccines have been created. In this paper, several vaccine technologies commonly used in the manufacture of COVID-19 vaccine are summarized. Besides, the different technologies that have been utilized for manufacturing are introduced. Furthermore, the corresponding clinical data are listed and discussed for the sake of indicating the success or failure of the vaccine.
Highlights
Introduction of inactivated vaccineAn inactivated vaccine is one in which a virus or bacterium is grown and inactivated with heat or a chemical usually formalin
The results showed that the 5×1010 particle Ad5 vector Covid-19 vaccine was safe and induced a significant immune response in most recipients after a single dose of immunization [33]
The results proved that NVX-COV2373 appeared to be safe at day 35, triggering an immune response that exceeded the level of COVID-19 recovery serum
Summary
We still haven't found any effective treatment options so far. In this case, most of the methods applied in clinic treatment are comprehensive treatments. MRNA vaccine technology based on lipid nanoparticles (LNP) will deliver precise genetic information and adjuvant effects to antigen presenting cells S4 The efficacy of this technique has been proved against a variety of virus targets. The BNT162B1 vaccine optimizes RNA for high stability and translation efficiency It has a receptor binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, which is a key target of neutralizing antibodies. The vaccine was compared with a second version of the stable, membrane-anchored full-length prefusion, BNT162B2 Both vaccines produced similar dose responses in both younger and older adults, and BNT162B2 was selected for further clinical studies due to the higher safety [11]. AstraZeneca BioNTech cansinotech Academy of Military Medical Sciences name mRNA-1273
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