The technique of transosseous osteosynthesis in traumatic dislocation of the femur in the hip joint in dogs

Abstract

At the Ilizarov Centre, various techniques of transosseous osteosynthesis of the hip for traumatic dislocations of the femoral head have been developed and introduced into veterinary practice. Clinical use of external fixation has demonstrated both advantages and disadvantages of a number of techniques. In order to optimize, while preserving the anatomical structures of the joint, some changes in the technique were made. The technique with a hinged connection between the external supports of the pelvis and thigh has found application to a greater extent. The hinged connection of the pelvic and femoral supports was replaced with an immobilizing structure, and the hip fixation became less traumatic. 20 dogs of different breeds and different sizes were operated on, using the proposed optimized technique. To fix the hip, transosseous osteosynthesis of the pelvis according to Ilizarov and external osteosynthesis of the femur were performed. Transosseous osteosynthesis was performed no later than 3 days after injury. Immobilization of the hip was performed within the periods of 21 to 35 days. The assessment of the functions of the pelvic limbs was determined by clinical research methods. A detailed description of the technique for performing external fixation of the hip is provided in the article. The good results of using this technique with restoration of the functions of the pelvic limb have been clinically confirmed. Scientific data on experimental modeling of arthroses are presented and temporary stabilization of the joint isjustified. The main advantage of the proposed technique is short-term immobilization of the hip in a physiological position without compression with maintaining the blood supply to the femoral head and in conformity with the viability of the articular cartilage.