Abstract
Carex sect. Aciculares comb. nov. comprises seven South American species and one variety and about four species in Australasia and a single species in Africa. Two new taxa, C. toroensis and C. vallis-pulchrae var. barrosiana, are described and illustrated here. Two previously unplaced species, C. minutissima and C. transandina, are also included. Plants called C. castellanosii in recent South American literature are here referred to C. vallis-pulchrae var. vallis-pulchrae. The name C. trichodes is lectotypified and a lectotype is chosen for sect. Aciculares. This section is distinguished from all others by: spike solitary, androgynous, few-flowered; scales caducous, the one or two outermost ones bract-like and fertile; perigynia erect to widely spreading at maturity but never reflexed, two veins prominent or faint and the rest obscure, apex of beak entire to bidentulate; leaves filiform, blades 1 mm wide or less, the tips mostly obtuse and cartilaginous; and plants less than 30 cm tall, growing in loose to dense clumps. All South American members of sect. Aciculares grow south of the Tropic of Capricorn, occurring in central Chile, west-central Argentina, Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego, and the Falkland Islands. Habitats are bogs and swamps, mossy margins of streams and creeks, wet borders of lakes and ponds, glacial moraines, persistently wet swales, damp depressions among tufts of grasses, moist rock crevices, rocky and sandy soil, and rock talus and scree. Carex L., with an estimated 1500-2000 species, is well represented in the southern half of South America (i.e., Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, Uru- guay, and southern Brazil), with approximately 95 species and some 30-40 infraspecific taxa in about 31 sections. Various regional floras treat- ing the sedges of this area now exist (e.g., Ange-
Published Version
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