Abstract
Based on the re‐examination of type material of Gymnopilus rubrocastaneus, the new combination Cortinarius rubrocastaneus is proposed. Morphological and genetic analysis demonstrated that G. rubrocastaneus does not belong to Gymnopilus but represents a species of Cortinarius closely related to the Northern Hemisphere species C. limonius. The two taxa differ by having a fasciculate growth habit, darker chestnut‐red pilei, smaller basidiospores (7.1 × 5.5 μm), more slender basidia (30.1 × 6.8 μm), and more slender marginal cells (28.9 × 7.3 μm).
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