The Taq 1 polymorphism of Vitamin D receptor gene is associated with oral cancer and preoral cancer in North Indian population.

Abstract

Oral cancer is known as one of the most common cancers, with a poor prognosis, related to delayed clinical diagnosis, either due to the lack of particular biomarkers related to the disease or costly therapeutic alternatives. In this study association of single nucleotide polymorphism (Taq1, T>C) in Vitamin D receptor gene with oral cancer and pre oral cancer was studied. Total 230 patients of precancerous oral lesions (Leukoplakia 70, Oral Sub mucous fibrosis 90, Lichen Planus 70), 72 oral cancer patients and 300 healthy control subjects were genotyped by PCR-RFLP methods. Chi-square test was used for calculation of genotype and allele frequencies. Mutant genotype CC as well as C allele were found to significantly decrease the risk of oral disease (P value=0.04, OR=0.60 and P value=0.02, OR=0.75 respectively). In particular, compared to non smokers, smokers with TC & CC genotypes were at decrease risk of oral diseases (P value=0.0001, OR=0.04). The mutant allele genotype CC as well as the mutant allele C showed protective association with leukoplakia (P value=0.01, OR=0.39 & P value=0.009, OR=0.59 respectively). However, individual with CC genotype had developed high cell differentiated grade at diagnosis (OR= 3.78, P value= 0.008). This study concludes that VDR (Taq1) polymorphism is associated with oral cancer and pre oral cancer susceptibility in North Indian population.