Abstract
IntroductionObesity is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation. The “inflammome” is a network layout of the inflammatory pattern. The systemic inflammome of obesity has not been described as yet. We hypothesized that it can be significantly worsened by smoking and other comorbidities frequently associated with obesity, and ameliorated by bariatric surgery (BS). Besides, whether or not these changes are mirrored in the lungs is unknown, but obesity is often associated with pulmonary inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness.ObjectivesWe sought to: (1) describe the systemic inflammome of morbid obesity; (2) investigate the effects of sex, smoking, sleep apnea syndrome, metabolic syndrome and BS upon this systemic inflammome; and, (3) determine their interplay with pulmonary inflammation.MethodsWe studied 129 morbidly obese patients (96 females; age 46±12 years; body mass index [BMI], 46±6 kg/m2) before and one year after BS, and 20 healthy, never-smokers, (43±7 years), with normal BMI and spirometry.ResultsBefore BS, compared with controls, all obese subjects displayed a strong and coordinated (inflammome) systemic inflammatory response (adiponectin, C-reactive protein, interleukin (IL)-8, IL-10, leptin, soluble tumor necrosis factor-receptor 1(sTNF-R1), and 8-isoprostane). This inflammome was not modified by sex, smoking, or coexistence of obstructive sleep apnea and/or metabolic syndrome. By contrast, it was significantly ameliorated, albeit not completely abolished, after BS. Finally, obese subjects had evidence of pulmonary inflammation (exhaled condensate) that also decreased after BS.ConclusionsThe systemic inflammome of morbid obesity is independent of sex, smoking status and/or comorbidities, it is significantly reduced by BS and mirrored in the lungs.
Highlights
Obesity is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation
Obese subjects had evidence of pulmonary inflammation that decreased after bariatric surgery (BS)
The systemic inflammome of morbid obesity is independent of sex, smoking status and/or comorbidities, it is significantly reduced by BS and mirrored in the lungs
Summary
Obesity is associated with low-grade systemic inflammation. The ‘‘inflammome’’ is a network layout of the inflammatory pattern. The systemic inflammome of obesity has not been described as yet We hypothesized that it can be significantly worsened by smoking and other comorbidities frequently associated with obesity, and ameliorated by bariatric surgery (BS). Obesity is a major and raising global health problem Among others, it increases significantly the risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death [1]. This research strategy has already proved to be useful to dissect the biological and environmental determinants of obesity [12] and smoking [13], as well as to characterize the systemic inflammatory pattern (so-called, inflammome) associated with smoking and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [8]. Given that obesity is often associated with pulmonary inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness [14,15,16], we sought to investigate potential relationships between systemic and pulmonary inflammation in the morbid obese, so that we quantified a number of inflammatory markers in the exhaled gas condensate in morbid obese, both before and after BS
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
