The systematic identification and mRNA expression profiles post viral or bacterial challenge of complement system in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella

Abstract

Complement system is an immemorial and pivotal element in innate immunity, protecting individuals from invading pathogens. Due to the emergence of whole genomes and functional researches, systematic identifications of complement system are feasible in many non-model species. In the present study, BLAST analysis was employed to systematically identify and characterize complement system in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The results showed that C. idella complement system consists of 64 members, including the complement system pattern recognition, proteases, complement components, receptors and regulators. In which, most genes were well conserved with those in higher vertebrates over the course of evolution. Phylogenetic and syntenic analyses revealed their homologous relationships with other species. mRNA expression analyses of complement system related genes indicated that many members are sustainably expressed in multiple tissues before and after grass carp reovirus (GCRV) or Aeromonas hydrophila infection, which provide in vivo evidence for the response patterns of complement system after viral or bacterial infection. Meanwhile, this study also explored the evolution of complement system from ancestral protists to mammals and then investigated the changes in gene diversification during the evolution. These results will serve the comparative studies on the complement system in evolution and further functional investigations in C. idella.