THE SYSTEM, MOSAIC OR KALEIDOSCOPE?: LINGUISTIC, LITERARY AND CULTURAL HISTORY OF LVIV AND HALYCHYNA AS AN INTELLECTUAL ISSUE

Abstract

The question of methodological bases and synthesis of research around Lviv and Halychyna is raised. It is studied how Lviv studies and Halychyna studies developed at different stages, maps of research of Lviv and Halychyna are outlined: from the texts by the older generation of researchers of this problem of the 19th – middle of the 20th century to the works of scientists of the late 20th – early 21st century. Thematic niches of this research map are outlined: the studies on social history, language, literature, book culture, and other phenomena. Emphasis is placed on the institutional and professional division of research, the existence of information barriers among philologists, historians, linguists, and cultural studies scholars; Ukrainianists, Polonists, Germanists, experts in the history of the culture of Central and Eastern Europe, etc. The world and Ukrainian experience of building complex schemes of history of the cities and regions as social, linguistic, cultural, and literary centers are briefly analyzed. Different approaches to writing different types of histories of languages and literatures as social phenomena are analyzed. A theoretical attempt is made to model and combine different dimensions of the social, cultural, linguistic, and literary history of Lviv and Halychyna in general. It is noted that the beginnings of this complex and complicated history should be derived from the literary heritage, social and political history of the medieval «Proto-Halychyna» and Lviv. It is described through the prism of the Ruthenian (Ukrainian) tradition at the first stage and the gradual break with this tradition, its Latinization, Germanization and Polonization after the 1340s. The specifics of the late medieval and early modern history of the Rus’ voievodship, the role of Ruthenian (Ukrainian), Polish and other book cultures in the functioning of the society of that time are clarified. Interactions between the Latin and post-Byzantine cultural heritage of Lviv and the region in this period are revealed. The main changes in the development of culture, language, literature and books in the context of Austrian Lviv and the newly formed Halychyna and Volodymyr after 1772 and before 1918 are traced. Attention is drawn to the profound transformations in the ethno-social, cultural, linguistic and literary spheres of city life during and after World War II. The main parameters of the Soviet and post-Soviet linguistic, cultural and literary situation are revealed and compared.