Abstract
AbstractVentral hernia (VH) frequently affects patients after abdominal surgery. The use of a mesh is often recommended. Different materials are described, from synthetic non-resorbable meshes to biological meshes. New generation meshes, also named scaffolds, aim to combine the advantages of both materials. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the cytological, histological, biomechanical, and clinical outcomes of the use of the newest resorbable synthetic scaffolds in VH repair, based on experimental studies in a pre-clinical setting. A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and to the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) guidelines. Only experimental studies were included. Outcome parameters were building technique, in vitro cytocompatibility, in vivo histocompatibility, biomechanical analysis, and clinical outcomes. The articles included were nine. The total number of cases treated was 257. Materials analyzed included electrospun silk fibroin (SF)/poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) hybrid scaffolds, biodegradable polyester poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) in the form of nanofibers, biodegradable mesh in poly-4-hydroxybutyrate (P4HB), nanofibrous polylactic acid (PLA) scaffold with a polypropylene (PP) material to generate a sandwich-like mesh, the collagen sponge (CS) group, the hybrid scaffold (HS) containing CS and poly-L-lactide (PLLA), and the hybrid scaffold (HS) + bone marrow (HSBM). Resorbable synthetic scaffolds are new, safe, surgical materials for the treatment or prevention of ventral hernia in animal models. Scaffolds should be tested in a contaminated surgical field for emergency use. Rigorous schematic indications for data collection are needed to improve the quality of the data in order to definitively clarify the pathway involved in inflammatory induced response.
Highlights
Ventral hernia repair (VHR) represents one of the major issues in the surgical field, and it represents the most common complication after abdominal surgery [1, 2].The ideal mesh for VHR should withstand the implantation process as well as the patient’s postoperative activities
One paper examined the feasibility of using electrospun silk fibroin (SF)/poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) hybrid scaffolds [7]
Results were compared with control groups (no mesh, PCL alone, PP/PCL enriched with growth factors (GF), PP alone)
Summary
Ventral hernia repair (VHR) represents one of the major issues in the surgical field, and it represents the most common complication after abdominal surgery [1, 2]. The ideal mesh for VHR should withstand the implantation process as well as the patient’s postoperative activities. The optimal mesh should minimize complications connected with the wound-healing process [3,4,5,6]. The aim of the study is (1) to analyze the data in the literature concerning the newest synthetic absorbable scaffolds for VHR in a pre-clinical setting. The second goal is (2) to collect all the information about the cytologic, histologic, and biomechanical characteristics of those scaffolds
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