Abstract
The universal syntactic X-bar (X') theory is adopted here to examine phrase structure (PS) in classical Arabic. This syntactic theory posits a set of phrase structure principles claimed to be shared by human languages. This paper tries to examine the Arabic various phrase categories in the light of these universal principles. In addition, it shows that the traditional flat-structure tree diagram assumed for phrase structure analysis fall short of providing adequate analysis for Arabic phrase structure. Hence, the universal X-bar level is needed to account for syntactic phrasal positions, including complement and adjunct positions. All phrase structural positions in Arabic are established and the various phrasal categories are subsumed under the universally accepted X' phrase marker.
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