Abstract
The detection of toxic gases has long been a priority in industrial manufacturing, environmental monitoring, medical diagnosis, and national defense. The importance of gas sensing is not only of high benefit to such industries but also to the daily lives of people. Graphene-based gas sensors have elicited a lot of interest recently, due to the excellent physical properties of graphene and its derivatives, such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Graphene oxide and rGO have been shown to offer large surface areas that extend their active sites for adsorbing gas molecules, thereby improving the sensitivity of the sensor. There are several literature reports on the promising functionalization of GO and rGO surfaces with metal oxide, for enhanced performance with regard to selectivity and sensitivity in gas sensing. These synthetic and functionalization methods provide the ideal combination/s required for enhanced gas sensors. In this review, the functionalization of graphene, synthesis of heterostructured nanohybrids, and the assessment of their collaborative performance towards gas-sensing applications are discussed.
Highlights
The globe has been faced with a burden of diseases linked to air pollution exposure which has had a massive toll on human health
Primary air pollutants are composed of sulfur dioxide (SO2), oxides of nitrogen, carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and carbonaceous and non-carbonaceous primary particles
We focused on the design and optimization strategies of graphene surfaces, in particular the synthesis of graphene composites and the assessment of their performance potential towards their use in resistive gas sensors
Summary
The globe has been faced with a burden of diseases linked to air pollution exposure which has had a massive toll on human health. These were later updated, and the latest data. Chemiresistive gas sensors have been reported to have drawbacks such as a lack of selectivity, flexibility, high power consumption, safety risks, and a high operating temperature [26] Nanostructured materials, such as conductive polymers (CPs), have been studied extensively around the world because they have unique and intriguing properties such as ease of synthesis, structural diversity, environmental stability, low cost, flexibility, and a sensitive response to chemical molecules at room temperature [27]. Thheaveexbceeepntisouncaclespsfruolplyeretmiepslooyfedgrtaopehnehnaen,ceGthOe, saenledctirvGityOofpmoseetalthoexmideassenhsoigrshlsyucuhsaesful mtahteeroipaltsimfoizravtiaorniooufsteampppelircaattuiroen, sbublyk/thseurffuancectdioonpainligz,aatniodnt/hdeoupsiengofomf soulercfualcaersfiilntearsv[a3r0i]e.ty ofTwheaeyxsceapntdionhaelnpcreopaerretiews oidf eglryapihnevnees,tGigOat,eadndbryGOrespeoasrecthheerms a[1s8h,2ig2h].lyIunsetfhuilsmwaoterrkia, lsthe saysfaasnonnetrsddhsveifhasnariebgsinortciuhcaesaentaaidirrpoepnpfewlaoircbfifadorGtiericOomlayn/tasiironnbGncvyeOetsfo/hotfniergafagGnutaoenOsdsc//cvtraibaGolypenOoamr/lerni-sezsaetaeaantnlrioocsoshnixcne/iagdrdlseeao[ppn1mpai8nnl,e2gioct2acao]olt.fimsoIounnpxrsofitadsahcieriteseessrwnieanaovnnaridoekvwc,aaosterhmsideeesp.tyssoiynosnifgttewhtsheaesyiaissrnd performance for gas/vapor-sensing applications are reviewed
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