Abstract
Zika virus is an arbovirus of the Flaviviridae family that causes a mosquito-borne disease. The infection can cause devastating complications among individuals in all age ranges, such as microcephaly in infants and Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults. Its teratogenic potential and explosive epidemics has already caused a panic and is a public health emergency. This review puts emphasis on the current acknowledge of the transmission, clinical characteristics, pathogenic mechanism, and treatment of Zika virus infection, and the future expectation to this disease as well.
Highlights
IntroductionA flavivirus, has emerged and caused major epidemics in recent years. The virus was identified first in 1947 in Rhesus monkeys in the Zika forest in Uganda, and transmitted mainly by mosquitoes and other transmission such as sexual intercourse and mother-to-child transmission
Zika virus, a flavivirus, has emerged and caused major epidemics in recent years
Zika virus infection is related to Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), which is an autoimmune disease leading to neurological complications
Summary
A flavivirus, has emerged and caused major epidemics in recent years. The virus was identified first in 1947 in Rhesus monkeys in the Zika forest in Uganda, and transmitted mainly by mosquitoes and other transmission such as sexual intercourse and mother-to-child transmission. As all of them might present the alike symptoms in most patients such as acute fever, skin rash, conjunctivitis, and with subtle differences among them. This is the first time in nearly half a century that an infectious disease related to human birth defects has been found, causing global panic. The outbreak of Zika virus and its potential threat make the development of preventative vaccines and therapeutic drugs a global priority. It remains no specific medicine for tackling this disease, so the prevention and surveillance of high risk areas appear to be important. The prime control measures focus on the controlling of vectors, which mainly refers to mosquitoes
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