The Symptomp Rate of Cocoa Pod Borer (Conopomorpha cramerella) due to the Combination of Several Concentrations of Neem (Azadiracta indica) Solution Given the Biosurfactant of Diethanolamide Olein Palm and Different Fruit Sizes

Abstract

One of the main pests on the cocoa plant is the cocoa pod borer. The use of natural pesticides can be an alternative solution in overcoming cocoa pod borer to replace synthetic pesticides. Neem is a plant that can be used as a base for natural pesticides. The main ingredients of neem are azadirachtin, meliantriol, salanin, nimbin, and nimbidine. Azadirachtin does not directly kill pests but can affect the life cycle of pests, as food repellents, and as a repellent. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of attack of the cocoa pod borer (conopomorpha cramerella) due to the combination of several concentrations of neem (Azadiracta indica) solution. This research was conducted in a cocoa farm belonging to the residents of Lurang hamlet, Sukalaba Village, Gunung Sari District, Serang Regency, Banten Province. This research was conducted from November 2019 to April 2020. The experimental design used in this study was a one-factor combination of randomized block design repeated four times and the treatments were control, concentration of 15%, 25%, and 35% solution of young leaves and neem seeds plus palm olein biosurfactant diethanolamide (DEA) with fruit sizes 0.1-2.0 cm and 8.0-10.0 cm. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) then tested using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at the 5% level. The results showed that the combination treatment of concentration 15% solution of young leaves and neem seeds added with 5% DEA biosurfactant olein palm with a fruit size of 0.1-2.0 cm and the combination treatment of concentration 35% solution of young leaves and neem seeds added with 5% DEA biosurfactant olein palm with a fruit size of 8.0-10.0 cm performed the best effect on attack intensity.