The symptom burden of non-small cell lung cancer in the USA: a real-world cross-sectional study

Abstract

Disease symptom management in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a critical aspect of therapy. The main objective of our study was to assess patient-reported outcomes and the degree of concordance between physician and patient perceptions of symptom severity in advanced NSCLC in the USA. Patients with advanced (stage IIIB/IV) NSCLC (N = 450) were recruited in a nationwide (USA) lung cancer study. Patients and their oncologists completed patient and physician versions of the Lung Cancer Symptom Scale (LCSS). Patient-reported lung cancer-specific quality of life was assessed with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy--Lung (FACT-L). Concordance was assessed using the kappa-statistic. Regression analysis was performed with FACT-L total score as the dependent variable and patient-reported LCSS symptom scores as predictors. A high proportion of patients experienced lung cancer symptoms: fatigue (100 %), loss of appetite (97 %), shortness of breath (95 %), cough (93 %), pain (92 %), and blood in sputum (63 %). Concordance between physician and patients was lowest for loss of appetite (kappa 0.1701) and greatest for hemoptysis (kappa 0.4586). Loss of appetite (β = -0.204; p < 0.001), cough (β = -0.145; p < 0.01), pain (β = -0.265; p < 0.001), and shortness of breath (β = -0.145; p < 0.01) were found to be significant predictors of the quality of life. Symptom burden in patients with advanced NSCLC is high and has a negative impact on the quality of life. Patient-reported outcomes data could help optimize disease outcomes and therapy management in NSCLC.