Abstract
Hybrid regime theories offer fruitful insights into how semi-authoritarian regimes maintain stability, without explaining how they cope with loss of legitimacy caused by popular protests. Under such conditions, a hybrid regime must adopt measures to restore the equilibrium, but this may spur more protest and resistance while law enforcement becomes more volatile and non-systematic, making the governance gaps increasingly evident. This article explores the content and consequences of “resurgent authoritarianism”—the Russian hybrid regime’s effort to control popular mobilization after 2011/2012 through stricter control of political space, interventions in media and society, and duplication of state institutions.
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