Abstract
The 2030 Agenda was set in 2015 by the United Nations, with 17 Sustainable Development Goals. The Amazonian riverine people are recognized as traditional communities that have their own culture and use the local natural resources of their territories in an ancestral and traditional way. The Sustainable Development Reserve is a Brazilian protected area category which aims to ensure the protection of the natural environment while allowing the residence and the use of these lands by traditional populations. This article reports and discusses the achievements and challenges of the Sustainable Development Goals in two sustainable development reserves in Central Amazonia. The goals were evaluated in the Mamirauá and Amanã Sustainable Development Reserves, due to the large research programs developed in those areas along the past 20 years. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals have a clear connection with the mission of these sustainable development reserves in Central Amazon. Despite the many achievements conquered over the years, there are many challenges yet to overcome; and while striving to achieve the goals from the 2030 Agenda, new challenges will emerge. The current main challenges to reach the Sustainable Development Goals in the Mamirauá and Amanã Sustainable Development Reserves, in Central Amazon, are connecting to the reality of rural areas.
Highlights
A long-term "global agenda for change" was proposed by the United Nations in 1987, to achieve sustainable development
The households in the riverine communities of Mamirauá and Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve (SDR) have an average of six members and an average annual income around US$ 4600–5450—45% of which is derived from government benefits, 37% from family production, and 17% from payments of wages and services [13, 14]
The management projects implemented in the Mamirauá and Amanã SDR have increased incomes over the years (Table 1)
Summary
A long-term "global agenda for change" was proposed by the United Nations in 1987, to achieve sustainable development. In 2015 the "2030 Agenda" was set, including 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 targets to be achieved by 2030 (Fig. 1)—in areas of crucial importance to humanity and the planet [2]. The Amazon River watershed encompasses almost seven million k m2, carrying about 1/6 of all the water that flows to the oceans. Through this rainforest there are rivers, streams, canals, lakes, marshes, sandy beaches, floodplains [3, 4]—and the forest people, as the river dwellers
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