Abstract
The article presents the results of the analysis of the elements of business models of spa tourism enterprises in the context of the principles of sustainable development in tourism business. In the process of defining individual rules for tourist enterprises, an approach based on sustainable tourism criteria and an attempt to adjust them to individual conditions resulting from the specifics of the tourist business activity being carried out was proposed. The characteristics of the individual components of business models were based on the results of interviews conducted in 17 tourism enterprises. The CANVAS scheme was used to examine the structure of the business model. It was found that the business models of spa tourism enterprises not only fail to conform to the principles of sustainable development, but are also not used as managerial tools. Their knowledge among managers is very poor. The analysis was supplemented with additional roles played by Polish sanatoriums in preventing the SARS-Cov2 virus pandemic. The research also revealed an example of cooperation between several spa companies, in the framework of coopetition and exchange of knowledge and services, which can be considered as the initiation of cooperation based on open innovation.
Highlights
The changes that took place in the economy of many countries in the nineteenth century indicate an increasing share of the service sector in creating national wealth
Spa tourism is one of those forms of health tourism that should intensively implement the principles of sustainable development in its tourism activities
The research showed that managers of five out of 17 surveyed companies know and apply business models in spa operations (29.4%)
Summary
The changes that took place in the economy of many countries in the nineteenth century indicate an increasing share of the service sector in creating national wealth. It should be noted that the dynamic technological development in a postindustrial society has many negative consequences They are not just about technology itself, as with influencing social change through social media, but cover most social aspects. The scientific literature indicates that the antidote to this problem is the concept of sustainable development It is not about a narrow understanding of this concept by reducing it to an impact only on the natural environment, but a broad meaning of this concept. This concept includes counteracting tourist dysfunctions, including the excess of tourists, invasive expansion of tourist infrastructure, and displacement of local culture from the area where it was created
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