Abstract
Resistance to trypanocidal drugs has been detected in various African countries and is a serious impediment to the control of livestock trypanosomosis. To determine whether drug resistant trypanosome strains are present in the Zambézia Province of Mozambique a study was initiated. To assess the effect of the farming system and the drug-use regimen on the development of drug resistance, trypanosome isolates were collected from cattle from subsistence and commercial livestock production systems. The susceptibility of seven isolates against isometamidium chloride, diminazene aceturate and homidium chloride was tested in mice using a multiple-dose test. In four of the seven isolates high levels of drug resistance to diminazene aceturate and isometamidium chloride were detected. In most cases the observed levels of drug resistance correlated with the drug-use practices in the particular livestock production system.
Highlights
Tsetse-transmitted trypanosomosis constitutes a major constraint to livestock development in Africa.Over million km2 of sub-Saharan Africa is infest-National Directorate of Livestock, Maputo, MozambiqueVeterinary Faculty of Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, MozambiqueDepartment of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, 0110 Onderstepoort, South AfricaDepartment of Animal Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium *Author to whom correspondence is to be directed: E-mail: Accepted for publication July 2005—Editor ed by tsetse flies
The aim of this study was to determine the sensitivity of Trypanosoma congolense isolates collected from cattle from commercial and subsistence livestock management systems in three districts of Zambézia Province to diminazene aceturate, isometamidium chloride and homidium chloride
The outcome of the trypanocidal drug resistance tests in the mice clearly showed the presence of resistant trypanosome isolates (Table 1)
Summary
Tsetse-transmitted trypanosomosis constitutes a major constraint to livestock development in Africa.Over million km of sub-Saharan Africa is infest-National Directorate of Livestock, Maputo, MozambiqueVeterinary Faculty of Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, MozambiqueAuthor to whom correspondence is to be directed: E-mail: Accepted for publication July 2005—Editor ed by tsetse flies. Tsetse-transmitted trypanosomosis constitutes a major constraint to livestock development in Africa. Over 10 million km of sub-Saharan Africa is infest-. Veterinary Faculty of Eduardo Mondlane University, Maputo, Mozambique. Author to whom correspondence is to be directed: E-mail: Accepted for publication 11 July 2005—Editor ed by tsetse flies. Trypanosome infections in livestock seriously impede livestock production in particular and rural development in general Trypanosomosis can be controlled by controlling the vector, the parasite or a combination of both. Despite the availability of effective vectorcotrol methods, it is very likely that curative and prophylactic trypanocidal drugs will continue to contribute significantly to the control of the disease in livestock. A small group of chemoprophylactic and chemotherapeutic compounds are currently in use and new compounds are unlikely to become available in the near future (Peregrine 1994).
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