Abstract
Abstract. In recent years many earthquakes hit Italy and its Cultural Heritage. The topic of survey of buildings damaged by seismic events and their interpretation has become very relevant and involved many research groups and Italian Civil Protection. The damage survey has different roles: in the first stage, immediately after the emergency, the documentation is necessary for the shoring and protection of damaged structures (AEDES forms of Civil Protection). The aim of the second stage is the study and the documentation for the restoration, reconstruction and retrofitting of buildings. In this context, this study presents methods and instruments used in the survey of 24 churches in the province of Mantua, Lombardy, after the 2012 earthquake sequence. The paper examines the difficulties in surveying damaged buildings and presents the classification used to define, time by time, the most suitable survey approach in the field of Geomatics. In this classification, many aspects are taken into account, such as logistical and practical problems, safety conditions, time preserving methods, economic decisions, complexity of building and required results. The accurate documentation obtained as a three-dimensional architectural database allows for the observation and analysis of the damage, the definition of interpretative models and the development of intervention projects. Different results are obtained from the point cloud database: traditional 2D representations for architectural projects as well as 3D models for structural analysis or for the development of BIM.
Highlights
1.1 The survey after the earthquakeThe effects of the earthquake on cultural heritage can be divided into two large families
Geomatics played an important role as it allowed to use different techniques for the survey and to verify the most suitable ones according to the necessities, the working conditions and the elaborations required for the structural and restoration project
This article examines the difficulties in surveying the buildings damaged by the earthquake and tries to identify, among the most recent applications in the field of geomatics, the most suitable ones for each case
Summary
The effects of the earthquake on cultural heritage can be divided into two large families. The reconstruction operations deal with the material needs, but alto with the necessity to give back the monument to the community. This is the context where we worked after the earthquake of Emilia Romagna and Lombardy in 2012. The guidelines of the competent authorities confirmed the need for a correct architectural survey and documentation for the structural and restoration project In this context, Geomatics played an important role as it allowed to use different techniques for the survey and to verify the most suitable ones according to the necessities, the working conditions and the elaborations required for the structural and restoration project. This research experience regards the survey stage, but it describes how acquired data can be used for the projects after earthquake
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