Abstract
The surface structure and composition of titanium have been studied by electron diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy in the temperature range 25 to 850°C. Atomically clean, well-defined Ti surfaces were obtained by a combination of argon ion sputtering and thermal treatment at 700 to 800°C. A series of surface superstructures was observed as the crystal temperature was gradually decreased. The development of the superstructures is best explained as due to surface reconstruction as a result of surface relaxation. The interaction of bromine and chlorine vapors with clean Ti surfaces was investigated in the temperature range 25 to 500°C. Bromine exposure at room temperature gave rise to an amorphous surface layer, which on annealing transformed into an epitaxial TiBr 2 structure. Chlorine interaction resulted in the formation of an epitaxial TiCl 3 on both cold and hot Ti surfaces. Surface impurities inhibited the chemical interaction process on the Ti surface.
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