Abstract
Background The Chinese herbal formula Mamiran cream (MMC) has been known for its ameliorative effects on diverse skin diseases, such as eczema. Atopic dermatitis (AD; eczema) is a chronic recurrent skin disease dominated by T-helper type 2-driven inflammation (Th2). Objective In this study, the inhibitory effect of MMC on AD was investigated in vivo. Methods An animal model was established by sensitization with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) on the skin of SD rats. Cutaneous administration of MMC was applied, and its mechanism of action was investigated via RT-PCR and IHC assay. Result Our data showed that topical application of MMC reduced the skin severity scores and alleviated the histological changes. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that MMC significantly decreased the levels of Th2 cytokine IL-5 and IL-4Ra in the skin lesion. In addition, it was demonstrated that MMC downregulated the mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and TLR4. Moreover, MMC inhibited the activation of NF-κB, JNK1, and STAT6 pathways in skin lesions. Conclusions Our findings suggest that MMC exhibits the inhibitory effect on AD, suggesting that MMC may be a potential therapeutic agent for this atopic disorder.
Highlights
Eczema (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by pruritic eczematous lesions
E main cause of Atopic dermatitis (AD) is not fully delineated, and we and others have shown that the onset of AD seems to be more accurately caused by an imbalance between type-1 and type2 helper T cells ( 1/ 2) in the immune system, and the factors induce 2 cells to produce 2 cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 and high IgE levels
Patients with AD commonly have elevated 2-mediated inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 during the acute and chronic stages. 2 cytokines have direct effects on skin cells, such as keratinocytes. e affected keratinocytes produce proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines that induce the invasion of immune cells into inflammatory skin lesions
Summary
Eczema (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by pruritic eczematous lesions. It reduces the quality of life and increases healthcare. E main cause of AD is not fully delineated, and we and others have shown that the onset of AD seems to be more accurately caused by an imbalance between type-1 and type helper T cells ( 1/ 2) in the immune system, and the factors induce 2 cells to produce 2 cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 and high IgE levels. Patients with AD commonly have elevated 2-mediated inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13 during the acute and chronic stages. E affected keratinocytes produce proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines that induce the invasion of immune cells into inflammatory skin lesions.
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