Abstract
COVID-19 has infected millions of people, with deaths in more than 200 countries. It is therefore essential to understand the dynamic characteristics of the outbreak and to design effective strategies to restrain the large-scale spread of the epidemic. In this paper, we present a novel framework to depress the epidemic spreading, by leveraging the decentralized dissemination of information. The framework is equivalent to finding a special minimum dominating set for a duplex network which is a general dominating set for one layer and a connected dominating set for another layer. Using the spin glass and message passing theory, we present a belief-propagation-guided decimation (BPD) algorithm to construct the special minimum dominating set. As a consequence, we could immediately recognize the epidemic as soon as it appeared, and rapidly immunize the whole network at minimum cost.
Highlights
In recent years, many different epidemic types have frequently erupted and spread worldwide, leading to great economic losses, and widespread social disruption [7, 11, 14, 19]
Zhao et al introduced a strategy of controlling an epidemic through the minimum dominating set (MDS) of the multiplex network [22]
When one neighbor is infected in the epidemic spreading network layer, the observer could immediately recognize the infection and send the information to the central node
Summary
Many different epidemic types have frequently erupted and spread worldwide, leading to great economic losses, and widespread social disruption [7, 11, 14, 19]. To compensate for the shortcomings of the competing spreading framework, Takaguchi et al proposed a novel control method which takes advantage of both traditional network immunization and competing spreading [12] They introduced the observer node into the networks, which could monitor the state of its neighbors and could recognize the epidemic if its neighbors were infected. Though the observer node-based method could monitor all the network nodes and efficiently recognize the infection, it cannot immunize all the network nodes when infection spreading is confirmed In this sense, Zhao et al introduced a strategy of controlling an epidemic through the minimum dominating set (MDS) of the multiplex network [22]. When one neighbor is infected in the epidemic spreading network layer, the observer could immediately recognize the infection and send the information to the central node. A special MDS of the duplex network is constructed
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