Abstract
The chloroplast genomes of land plants encode 11 genes (ndhA–ndhK) for proteins similar to the subunits of respiratory complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) with some exceptions. It was a mystery why the chloroplast genomes encode the genes related to respiratory electron transport. We understand now that the genes encode the subunits of the chloroplast NADH dehydrogenase-like (NDH) complex mediating the antimycin A-resistant pathway of cyclic electron transport around photosystem I (Peltier et al., 2016).
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