Abstract

目的 研究中国幼儿中文和英文语音觉知的特点.方法选择18个月幼儿和学前儿童,评估语言发育水平、语音觉知能力、记忆能力、发音准确性和英语学习成绩.第一个阶段对18~24个月幼儿分两组分别进行中文和英文的语音输入约100h,第二个阶段对所有儿童进行英语教学14周.结果 3岁以上幼儿语言和记忆发育水平随年龄而增长;女孩的语音分辨能力比男孩好;大年龄组幼儿的语音分辨能力显著高于低年龄组,中文的语音分辨能力在2~3岁之间提高最明显,英文语音分辨能力在4~5岁之间提高最明显;中文语音分辨能力与年龄、语言水平和记忆水平显著正相关,英文的语音分辨能力与年龄、中文语言水平和记忆水平显著正相关;发音准确性与中文语音分辨能力正相关.结论 幼儿的语音觉知能力,女孩强于男孩,6岁之前随年龄而增长.当儿童的母语和记忆等认知能力发展到较好水平时,获得非母语的觉知能力将更快、更好、发音更准确,学习外语将更有效。

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