The Study on Characteristics of Precipitation and Its Return Period Calculation in Wuhan in Recent 30 Years Based on Data Analysis

Abstract

Meteorological big data has a wide geographical range, large space-time density, many data types and strong timeliness. It has become the requirement of the development of meteorological industry to quickly extract huge information and knowledge from big data to solve the problem of weather prediction. Based on the measured data of maximum one-hour rainfall from six representative rainfall stations in Wuhan from 1992 to 2021, the variation law, characteristic analysis and return period of different aging precipitation in Wuhan city in the past 30 years are analyzed. The results show that although the number of days of precipitation in Wuhan has increased year by year in the past 30 years, the days of rainstorm and more than rainstorm generally show a decreasing trend. The precipitation is mainly concentrated in spring (March-May) and summer (June-August), with the most in summer. The monthly precipitation is mainly concentrated in July, with the least precipitation in December. The maximum daily precipitation is between 55.1∼285.7mm, and the average maximum hourly precipitation of 122.4mm reaches 98.6mm. At last, based on the parameters of GEV distribution, the maximum hourly precipitation, maximum 3h, 6h, 12h, 24h precipitation, continuous hourly precipitation, maximum daily precipitation and maximum continuous daily precipitation are fitted, and the values of different recurrence periods are estimated.