Abstract
We studied the antifungal activity of the Bacillus subtilis BZR 336g strain against the test culture of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum var. orthoceras App. et Wr. BZR 6, depending on the addition of citric acid crystalline hydrate, a microelements solution and corn extract to the liquid nutrient medium. It was found that citric acid at a concentration of 15 g/l improves the bioavailability of microelements and increases antifungal activity. Corn extract and microelements without the formation of a chelate form with citric acid do not affect the fungicidal properties of B. subtilis BZR 336g. However, the corn extract at a concentration of 3 g / l increases the titer of bacteria in the liquid culture from 2 ± 0.1 × 108 to 1 ± 0.08 × 108 CFU/ml. The combined use of the studied components allowed us to achieve a significant increase in the antifungal activity of B. subtilis BZR 336g by 3.1 times. At the same time, the effect of synergism in their complex interaction was noted, which is probably due to a qualitative and quantitative change in the composition of B. subtilis BZR 336g antifungal metabolites.
Highlights
Due to the rapidly developing industry for the production and processing of organic products, the requirements for the biological products are becoming increasingly demanding
In the course of the study, we found that the combined effect of the components: citric acid (CA) at a concentration of 15 g/l, ME solution at a concentration of 4.4 ml/l and corn extract (CE) at a concentration of 3 g/l on the antifungal activity of B. subtilis BZR 336g strain is significantly higher than the effect of each component separately (Fig. 6)
As a result of the research, the antifungal activity and titer of liquid culture (LC) bacteria based on the B. subtilis BZR 336g strain was studied depending on the addition of CA, ME, and CE to the original nutrient medium (ONM)
Summary
Due to the rapidly developing industry for the production and processing of organic products, the requirements for the biological products are becoming increasingly demanding. Antifungal activity was found mainly in three families of lipopeptides: surfactins, iturins, and fengicins. These compounds are amphiphilic in nature, due to which they are able to penetrate into the cells and destroy the membrane structures of fungal pathogens [2]. Fengicin, iturin, and surfactin are biosynthesized by many nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NPS synthetases) [3,4,5,6] Many of these enzymes are known to be complex. They include coenzymes of various nature, metal ions and vitamins in particular [7]
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