The study of productivity and elements of its structure of the winter soft wheat varieties sown after sunflower

Abstract

At present new varieties and hybrids capable to produce high and stable grain yields are of great demand. One of the main requirements to which they must meet is the ability to withstand environmental factors that reduce their productivity. Sunflower is a severe forecrop that extremely dries the soil, and it in its turn affects the productivity. Therefore, testing and selection of varieties able to withstand unfavourable conditions is of great urgency. This paper presents the study results of productivity and elements of its structure of 18 winter soft wheat varieties. The studies were carried out in the fields of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”. Sowing was carried out with a Wintersteiger Plotseed planter with 4–6 cm of seeding depth. The seeding rate was 550 germinating grains per 1 m². Registration plot was 10 m² with 4-time periodicity. The winter soft wheat variety “Don 107” was used as a standard. According to a complex of traits, there were identified the varieties “Krasa Dona”, “Lilit”, “Volnitsa”, “Lidiya”, sown after sunflower which are able to produce high yields (6.9–7.5 t / ha), large number of grains per ear (30.7–36.2 pcs.) and 1000-kernel weight (41.1–45.5 g). The analysis found out that the productivity of winter soft wheat varieties had an average positive correlation between the number of productive stems (r = 0.32±0.24) and 1000-kernel weight (r = 0.43±0.22). There was a weak positive correlation between productivity, the number of kernels per ear, kernel weight per ear (r = 0.25±0.24 and r = 0.21±0.24 respectively).