The study of neutral triple gauge couplings in the process e+e− → Zγ including unitarity bounds

Abstract

The neutral triple gauge couplings (nTGCs) provide a unique opportunity to probe new physics beyond the Standard Model. The nTGCs can be described by an effective field theory (EFT), which is valid only under a certain energy scale. One of the signatures that an EFT is no longer valid is the violation of unitarity. We study the partial wave unitarity bounds on the coefficients of nTGCs in the process e+e−→Zγ. In the experiments, the constraints obtained should be tighter than the unitarity bounds, otherwise the results are meaningless, therefore there exists a minimal luminosity for a e+e− collider such as the CEPC to study the nTGCs. To derive the minimal luminosity, the kinematic features and event selection strategy are studied by Monte-Carlo simulation. Both the processes e+e−→ℓ+ℓ−γ and e+e−→jjγ are studied, event selection strategies are discussed. Based on the statistical significance, the expected constraints in experiments are estimated. The required luminosities for the experiments to reach the unitarity bounds are presented.