Abstract
Methamphetamine is sometimes prescribed by doctors for specific diseases that with the entering the central nervous system caused by a sudden release of categulamine and particularly dopamine in the brain. It stimulates brain cells, enhancing aggressive mood and increased body movement. The purpose of this study was to investigate, has been the effects of methamphetamine on passive avoidance learning and memory in adult male Wistar rats. Male Wistar rats of rats in the weight range (180-220gr) (N=6) was Divided into healthy group - control group (saline received) and dose received groups (1.5, 3, 5 mg/kg). Half an hour before the test, intraperitoneally injection was done and after the test, every day at specific times for long-term memory test for one week Injection was done. Results have shown that the incidence of passive avoidance between healthy and control groups there was no significant difference but there is a significantly decreased between the control group and the group receiving methamphetamine. Increase learning and short-term memory and reduced long term memory and passive avoidance learning mechanism is probably due to the involvement of the hippocampus in learning and memory consolidation and short term memory convert to long-term memory could potential mechanism of methamphetamine-induced damage to hippocampal neurons, particularly CA1 neurons. Meanwhile, short-term memory-enhancing effects of methamphetamine can result in Increase cortisol is also a short-term strengthens to the memory but in long term it will damage and weaken the memory.
Highlights
Learning and memory is one of the highest functional levels of the central nervous system
Methamphetamine injection increases the time to arrive in the dark room on the first day, which seen at a dose of 1.5 - 3- 5mg/kg (P≤0.001)
The results showed no significant difference between saline and control groups
Summary
Learning and memory is one of the highest functional levels of the central nervous system. The most important effect of amphetamines is the extracellular increase in the concentration of catechol amines and, in general, monoamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin) and serotonin by a mechanism independent of the classic method of liberating nerve carriers by integrating secretory vesicles into the pre-synaptic membrane. It was manufactured in Japan in 1983 [3]. During World War II, Japanese, American and German soldiers were used it to reduce fatigue and increase energy [4]. Increasing the secretion of these substances leads to a temporary increase in energy and cause of mental disorders
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