The Study of Cross-layer Optimization for Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks Implemented in Coal Mines.

Xu Ding,Jingting Lu,Lei Shi,Jianghong Han

doi:10.3390/s16020171

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks deployed in coal mines could help companies provide workers working in coal mines with more qualified working conditions. With the underground information collected by sensor nodes at hand, the underground working conditions could be evaluated more precisely. However, sensor nodes may tend to malfunction due to their limited energy supply. In this paper, we study the cross-layer optimization problem for wireless rechargeable sensor networks implemented in coal mines, of which the energy could be replenished through the newly-brewed wireless energy transfer technique. The main results of this article are two-fold: firstly, we obtain the optimal relay nodes’ placement according to the minimum overall energy consumption criterion through the Lagrange dual problem and KKT conditions; secondly, the optimal strategies for recharging locomotives and wireless sensor networks are acquired by solving a cross-layer optimization problem. The cyclic nature of these strategies is also manifested through simulations in this paper.

Highlights

With the help of the rapid development of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), various types of sensors and actuators can be forged into an incredibly small size
The rest of this article is organized as follows: In Section 2, we introduce the wireless energy transfer technique, as well as some research results related to energy-aware issues in wireless sensor networks briefly
Without losing the rigorous nature of mathematics, we resort to the Lagrange dual problem and KKT conditions in order to figure out the closed-form solution

Summary

Introduction

With the help of the rapid development of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), various types of sensors and actuators can be forged into an incredibly small size. Wireless sensor networks deployed in coal mines are assigned to gather environment temperature, humidity, seismic, gas leak information, etc. With this information at hand, we are able to evaluate the safety issues more precisely and provide workers with more reliable working conditions. Due to the built-in nature of wireless sensor nodes, they are prone to different types of failures. It is still not an easy task to ensure that these sensor nodes work properly over a long time. Since sensor nodes deployed in an underground environment may suffer from certain unattended ordeals, such as high temperature and humidity, the reasons accounting for failures of them may vary a great deal

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Conclusion