The Study of Combination Ethanol Extract of Averrhoa bilimbi L. and Momordica charantia L. on CD4+CD25+TGF-β+ Spleenocytes of Hyperglycemia Mice

Harits Amrulloh,Muhaimin Rifa’I,Bella Novinda,Sri Widyarti,Intan Sartika

doi:10.21776/ub.jels.2020.010.03.05

Harits Amrulloh, Muhaimin Rifa’I + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jels.2020.010.03.05

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Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is one of the four priority non-infectious diseases in the world. Plant-based medicine is an alternative treatment with few side effects. Star fruit ( Averrhoa bilimbi L.) and bitter melon ( Momordica charantia L.) are plants that have anti-hyperglycemic activity. Hyperglycemia produces Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) that make the β-cells of the pancreas necrosis that decreasing insulin synthesis. The anti-inflammatory activity appears based on the relative levels of CD4 + and CD25 + , which are TGF-β-producing regulatory T cells where TGF-β is a mediator that acts as an immunosuppressant. TGF-β would induce CD4 + T lymphocytes into T reg. The purpose of this study is to determine the profile of TGF-β on CD4 + and CD25 + spleenocytes on hyperglycemia mice after ABMC ( Averrhoa bilimbi Momordica charantia mix) treatment. Mice were divided into 5 groups, non-diabetic (N), hyperglycemia (H), hyperglycemia with extract doses of 10 mg.kg -1 BW (P1), 40 mg.kg -1 BW (P2), and 160 mg.kg -1 BW (P3). Diabetic mice were obtained after a single injection dose of 145 mg.kg -1 BW streptozotocin (STZ). The result showed that ABMC can reduce blood sugar levels faster and able reduce the number of CD4 + TGF-β + cells in hyperglycemia mice. Keywords: Averrhoa bilimbi L., CD4 + TGF-β + , CD25 + TGF-β + , hyperglycemia, Momordica charantia L.

Highlights

Hyperglycemia is characteristic of diabetes mellitus (DM) due to decreased insulin secretion by pancreatic β cells
Hyperglycemia describes an increase in blood glucose levels in circulating blood and produces Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) through various pathways, including redox balance dysregulation, augmentation of glycation products, activation of protein kinase C which leads to oxidative stress in various tissues [1]
A survey from the World Health Organization (WHO) shows that Indonesia has a high number of DM patients, ranking fourth in the world after India, China, and America [2]

Summary

Introduction

Hyperglycemia is characteristic of diabetes mellitus (DM) due to decreased insulin secretion by pancreatic β cells. Hyperglycemia describes an increase in blood glucose levels in circulating blood and produces Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) through various pathways, including redox balance dysregulation, augmentation of glycation products, activation of protein kinase C which leads to oxidative stress in various tissues [1]. The main cause of complications in diabetes mellitus is the presence of oxidative stress conditions due to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) [4,5,6]. The islets contain very low levels of antioxidants, so the accumulation of ROS can produce oxidative stress, a well-known trigger for β cell apoptosis [7]. The altered β-cell redox state, coupled with other factors such as nutrient-induced augmentation of insulin

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