The study of chemical composition of fatty oil from Carthamuslanatus (L.) Boiss. seeds

Shahla A Gasimova

doi:10.29228/plantfungalres.43

Abstract

This article presents the physicochemical properties, composition and content of seed oil, fatty acids of Carthamus lanatus (L.) Boiss. (Asteraceae Bercht. et J. Presl). This species is distributed in almost all botanical and geographical regions of Azerbaijan, growing from lowland to the lower mountain belt in meadows, summer pastures, neglected places, along roads and in gardens. The seeds of the plant were Shamakhi region. The qualitative composition and quantitative determination of fatty acid methyl esters were determined on an HP 6890 capilar column Agilent 112-88A7 series chromatograph with a flame ionization detector.Â As a result of study of the chemical composition of fatty oil from the seeds of Carthamus lanatus by gas-liquid chromatography it was revealed that it contains eight fatty acids and trans-isomers. The main part of fatty acids is linoleic (75.2%) and oleic acid (13.3%). The rest accounted for palmitic (6.6%), stearic (3.5%), linolenic (0.1%), eicosinic (0.1%), palmitoleic (0.1), myristic (0, 1%) acids and trans-isomers (0.14%). It was determined that fatty oil has the following indicators: the saponification number is 192.1, the amount of free fatty acids - 0.8%, the peroxide number - 2.1, the iodine number - 142.5, the weight fraction of phosphorus-containing substances - 3.0 mg / kg. The high content of linoleic oil in the studied oil and a significant content of oleic acids, which are Ï-6 and Ï-3 unlimiting fatty acids, from a dietary point of view characterizes seed oil of C. lanatus as a valuable product. Considering the large natural reserves of C. lanatus in the flora of Azerbaijan, it can be confirmed that C. lanatus has quite good prospects for use as a medicinal, food and technical plant.Â

Highlights

Kuliyev [1983] extracted fatty oil (26%) with an iodine number of 124 from the seeds of C. lanatus collected in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic
The method of gas-liquid chromatographic analysis allows effectively carrying out the separation of fatty acid methyl esters at a lower temperature and a shorter duration of time
The high amount of fatty acid of C. lanatus collected in several areas of Azerbaijan are comparable to that of just recognized valuable oil seeds such as grape and poppy

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Kuliyev [1983] extracted fatty oil (26%) with an iodine number of 124 from the seeds of C. lanatus collected in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. In the aerial parts of C. lanatus aglycones, phenolic compounds (5-hydroxy-6,7-dimethoxyflavone and 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-flavone) and flavonoid (chrysin) were detected using GC/MS [Mitova et al, 2003]. These compounds have anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, antiulcer, antihepatotoxic and antioxidant activity [Pathak et al, 1991; Wassel et al, 1996; El-Shaer et al, 1998; Harborne et al, 1999; Kim et al, 1999; Morishita et al, 2001; Lee et al, 2002; Taskova et al, 2002].

MATERIAL AND METHODS

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION