Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of propolis-iron oxide nanoparticles in eliminating the T. evansi parasite and rehome stasis of deleterious iron status in experimentally infected rabbits. Twenty male rabbits were divided into equal four groups (n=5). the 1st group as Control negative, 2nd control positive, 3rd trypanosomiasis and treated with propolis iron oxide nanoparticles, and 4th trypanosomiasis and treated with diminazene,2nd ,3rd, and 4th groups were inoculated with T. evansi, and were checked for the onset of parasitemia. After 15 of the onset of parasitemia 3rd group was treated with propolis- iron-oxide nanoparticles 30 mg iron /kg BW, and 4th group was treated with diminazene drug with a single dose 3.5 mg/kg BW. The result showed that experimentally infection with T. evansi caused a significant decrease of serum iron and ferritin and a significant increase in total iron-binding capacity and unsaturation iron-binding capacity, as well erythrocytes fragility, bilirubin totally and partially. Treatment with propolis-iron oxide nanoparticles improved iron status parameters to semi-normal values much better than diminazene drug, in addition, reduced the total bilirubin concentration and osmotic fragility of erythrocytes toward a normal state. It can be concluded that the propolis-iron oxide nanoparticles proved successfully rebalancing iron status and eliminating the parasite and making iron available.
Highlights
Trypanosomosis is a worldwide diseases caused by infection of living organisms by trypanosomes parasites, it is an endemic disease in many parts of the world especially in tropical countries like Iraq
The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of propolis-iron oxide nanoparticles in eliminating the T. evansi parasite and rehome stasis of deleterious iron status in experimentally infected rabbits
Treatment with PrIONPs lead to no significant improvement in body weight, in compare with Control Negative for trypanosomiasis (C-ve) group
Summary
Trypanosomosis is a worldwide diseases caused by infection of living organisms by trypanosomes parasites, it is an endemic disease in many parts of the world especially in tropical countries like Iraq. Trypanosomiasis caused by the hemoflagelate protozoa that infect a broad types of mammalian [1] and even gees [2]. Anemia is one of the most common symptoms of trypanosomiasis, results from various factors among them the most important is the iron homeostasis dysregulation, the molecular mechanism is not yet explained [3]. T. evansi cause anemia defined by reduction in total serum iron, ferritin, and transferrin saturation [4]. Nanobiotechnology, a unique therapeutic alternative through the repositioning of existing medications and directed drug delivery in treatment of trypanosomiaisis [5,6]. The propolis, the resin compound, the third product of bees for protection of and sealing the beehive [7], with high contents of phenolic groups act as antitrypanosomal agent [8]
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