The stuble-field plant communities in South-East Poland. Part V. The comparative characteristics of stuble-fleld plant communities

Abstract

In this of the presented paper results of the studies conducted in preceding four parts (I-IV) were synthetically assumed. On that background a comparative characteristics of specified stuble-field plant communities was conducted. It contains the most important features of communities and seats, in which they appear. In climatically, geomorphologically, hydrologically and with respect to soils differentiated conditions of South-East Poland, especially in former Rzeszów region, there were described stubble-field plant communities occurring as well on lowland, as on highland agricultural utility complexes. There were analysed 359 phytosociological records, in which 232 ones came from lowland, while 127 from highland complexes. The specified communities were included to two orders: <i>Secali-Violetalia arvensis</i> (suborder <i>Polygono-Chenopodienalia</i> : alliances <i>Eu-Polygono-Chenopodion</i> and <i>Panico-Setarion</i>) and <i>Cyperetalia fusci</i> (alliance <i>Nanocyperion flavescentis</i>). On the lowland agricultural utility complexes specified were seven types of communities: 3 belonged to <i>Panico-Setarion</i> alliance (association <i>Digitarietum ischaemi</i>; community with <i>Setaria glauca</i> and association <i>Echinochloo-Setarietum</i>), 2 to <i>Eu-Polygono-Chenopodion</i> alliance (the community with <i>Euphorbia esula</i> and <i>Oxalis stricta</i> as well the community with <i>Veronica persica</i>), while 2 associations from the <i>Nanocyperion flavescentis</i> (<i>Hyperico-Spergularietum</i> and <i>Centunculo-Anthocerotetum</i>) alliance. On the other hand, on the highland complexes of South-East Poland only 3 communities were found: 1) with <i>Setaria glauca</i> included to <i>Panico-Setarion</i> alliance, 2) with <i>Veronica persica</i> from <i>Eu-Polygono-Chenopodion</i> alliance and 3) <i>Centunculo-Anthocerotetum</i> association from <i>Nanocyperion flavescentis</i> alliance. The specified floral types, as well as lower units (variants and sub variants), reflected the mechanical structure, hydrological conditions and pH soils in their seats, what confrumed a great differentiation of soil conditions on the tested area.