The Structure of the Auto-Ignition Region of Turbulent Dilute Methanol Sprays Issuing in a Vitiated Co-flow

Abstract

This paper presents planar imaging of laser induced fluorescence (LIF) from key reactive species in the auto-ignition region of dilute turbulent spray flames of methanol. High-speed (5 kHz) LIF-OH imaging as well as low speed (10 Hz) imaging of joint LIF-OH-CH2O is performed. The product of the OH and CH2O signals is used as a qualitative indicator of local heat release. The burner is kept intentionally simple to facilitate computations and the spray is formed upstream of the jet exit plane and carried with air or nitrogen into a hot co-flowing stream of vitiated combustion products. The studied flames are all lifted but differ in the shape of their leading edge and heat release zones. Similarities with auto-ignition of gaseous fuels, as well as differences, are noted here. Formaldehyde is detected earlier than OH implying that the former is a key precursor in the initiation of auto-ignition. Growing kernels of OH that are advected from upstream, close in on the jet centreline and ignite the main flame. The existence of double reaction zones in some flames may be due to ignitable mixtures formed subsequent to local evaporation of droplets and subsequent mixing. When air is used as spray carrier, reaction zones broaden with distance, possibly due to increased partial premixing and regions of intense heat release occur near the flame centreline further downstream. With nitrogen as carrier, the flame maintains a nominal diffusion-like structure with reaction zones of uniform width and substantially less concentration of heat release on the flame centreline.