Abstract
Vanadyl phosphate catalysts with a variety of phosphorus content and a variety of degree of aggregation of vanadium ions were prepared. It was found that the selectivity and the activity of the catalysts for the synthesis of maleic anhydride from butene-1 are closely related to the oxidation number and the degree of aggregation of vanadium ions. Vanadyl phosphate catalysts in which V:P = 1:2, and the average oxidation number of vanadium ions is 4.0, and vanadium ions are highly aggregated, gave high selectivity. The catalytic reactions seem to proceed through V 4+-V 5+ redox mechanism in which VO bonds play an important role.
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