Abstract
Different complexing agents were used to prepare Ni–Mg–Zn ferrite with the composition formula Ni0.2Mg0.2Zn0.6Fe2O4 via sol–gel method, which included citric acid, oxalic acid, egg white, and EDTA. The Ni0.2Mg0.2Zn0.6Fe2O4 ferrite without complexing agent was also prepared as a comparison. The chemical phases of samples were analyzed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), which indicated that samples had spinel phase structure. The lattice constants of samples are in the range of 8.3980–8.4089 Å. The composition and structure were further studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). There were two typical characteristic bands related to the stretching vibrations of spinel ferrite in FTIR spectra. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) micrographs and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images showed that the particles have the shape of spherical cube. Energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) analyzed the elements and ingredients of samples, which included Ni, Mg, Zn, Fe, and O. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is used to examine further the elemental composition and chemical state of the sample prepared with EDTA as complexing agent. The optical properties of samples were investigated by photoluminescence spectra and UV–Vis spectroscopy. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) was used to characterize magnetic properties, and hysteresis loops revealed the ferrimagnetism behavior of prepared samples.
Highlights
With the development of electronic industry and information technology, the demand for electronic equipment in the market is increasing and the requirements for electronic devices are more stringent
PL spectra of Ni0.2Mg0.2Zn0.6Fe2O4 spinel ferrite prepared with none, egg white and EDTA recorded at the excitation wavelength of 325 nm
X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed all the major peaks related to spinel structure without extra peak intensity
Summary
With the development of electronic industry and information technology, the demand for electronic equipment in the market is increasing and the requirements for electronic devices are more stringent. Some researchers doped cations or oxide (CuO, Bi2O3, etc.) in ferrite to modify the electrical and magnetic properties according to the large gap provided by the spinel structure [8,9,10]. When the sol-gel method is used to prepare ferrite, one thing worth noting is the choice of complexing agent. It is curious to know whether there are some influences on Ni-Mg-Zn ferrite using different complexing agents via sol-gel method. Under the condition of well controlled annealing temperature and solution pH, it is an unprecedented work to prepare Ni-Mg-Zn ferrite via sol-gel method with different complexing agents. The effects of complexing agents on Ni-Mg-Zn ferrite were explored using sol-gel method in this work
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