Abstract
The range of deformation structures found in surge-type Variegated Glacier, Alaska, is similar to that found in many thin-skinned thrust belts, and includes foliations, folds, dip-slip and strike-slip faults, thrust faults and fractures. The development of structural relationships and the overall structural assemblage can be related to the deformation histories of quiescent and surge phases of motion. The surge phase dominates the formation of brittle structures because of the large stresses and strain rates associated with it. The relationship between downglacier-verging overturned folds with hinge lines transverse to flow, and a family of transverse arcuate thrust faults is characteristic of structural development in the lower part of the glacier during the surge. Longitudinal foliation develops mainly from sedimentary stratification in the upper part of the glacier in a marginal transpressive deformation regime during quiescent phase flow from broad accumulation basins. The structural relationships in this surge-type glacier may aid in the interpretation of structures in other gravity-driven tectonic settings.
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