Abstract
The strong light emission of organic luminogens in the aggregated state is essential to their applications as optoelectronic materials with good performance. In this review, with respect to the aggregation‐induced emission and room‐temperature phosphorescence luminogens, the important role of molecular packing modes is highlighted. As demonstrated in the selected examples, the molecular packing status in the aggregate state is affected by many factors, including the molecular configurations, the inherent electronic properties, the special functional groups, and so on. With the consideration of all these parameters, the strong fluorescence and phosphorescence in the aggregated state could be achieved in the rationally designed organic luminogens, providing some guidance for the further development.
Highlights
Essential to their applications as optoelectronic materials with good performance
As reported in literature, for the π-system in solid state, there are mainly four kinds of intermolecular interactions: electrostatic interactions, dispersion interactions, attractive and repulsive orbital examples, the molecular packing status in the aggregate state is affected by interactions, and hydrogen bonding intermany factors, including the molecular configurations, the inherent electronic actions.[14,15,16]
For the Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens (AIEgens) with restriction of intramolecular motions (RIM) mechanism, the edge-toface orientation, which is favored by the electrostatic interaction between the adjacent molecules, plays a significant role for the fluorescence in solid state
Summary
Qianqian Li received her B.Sc. degree from Hubei University, China, in 2004, and obtained her Ph.D. degree at Wuhan University in 2009. The ΦF value of 7 with naphthyl moieties at the 2,5-positions of silole is 37.0% in the film state, once the two naphthyl groups were replaced by anthracyl ones, compound 8 shows a film-state ΦF of 14.0%.[43] The similar trend can be obviously observed from their fluorescent intensity versus water faction in tetrahydrofuran (THF)/water mixtures Does it mean that the larger sizes of aromatic rings can lead to the fluorescence quench effect, to the weak AIE activity? The enlarged sizes of the aromatic rings favor the coplanar packing mode with the shortest distance between the molecular centers, mainly due to the dispersion attraction of the adjacent molecules This strong π–π stacking can quench the fluorescence in the aggregated state, but the formed pyrene excimer exhibits the opposite effect, indicating the importance of the alignment in the aggregated state. For the AIEgens with RIM mechanism, the edge-toface orientation, which is favored by the electrostatic interaction between the adjacent molecules, plays a significant role for the fluorescence in solid state
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