Abstract

During World War II, the Institute for Social Research conducted an innovative study of American working-class antisemitism. This article goes beyond existing literature by reconstructing the project's evolving understanding of labor antisemitism-from ideology to psychopathology. This change, it argues, arose from the project's methods, findings, and analytical concepts-especially the long-overlooked concept of the stereotype. The article documents this concept's role in two better-known Institute works from the period: Dialectic of Enlightenment and Authoritarian Personality. Throughout, it traces continuities in the Institute's research program and reconsiders the balance between its empirical studies and its critical theory in the 1940s.

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