THE STATE OF THE MUCOSA OF THE GASTRODUODENAL ZONE IN SCHOOLCHILDREN RESIDING IN AREAS WITH A HIGH PREVALENCE RATE OF GASTRIC CANCER

Abstract

The aim is to determine the severity of mucosal lesions of gastroduodenal zone, colonization of Helicobacter pylori and their association with intestinal complaints by school students of the aboriginal and alien population of the Republic of Tuva. Materials and methods. Over 2017 we had observed 471 schoolchildren aged 7-17 years from the aboriginal (Tuva-Mongoloids) and aliens (Caucasians) population of the Republic of Tuva. We created represented groups (69 aboriginal and 34 alien inhabitants) and executed esophagogastroduodenoscopy with the biopsy from the antrum and body of stomach taken from each examinee. Diagnosis of gastritis was made in accordance with Sydney classification. H. pylori was determined by the morphological method. Results. The H. pylori infection in Tuvans (68,4%) was higher than in Caucasians (376%; p = 0,0047). Erosive and ulcerative lesions of the stomach and duodenum were detected in 15.5% of patients and they were diagnosed among Caucasians twice often than among Tuvinians (23,5% and 11,6%, respectively; p = 0,1158). The relation between infection and the presence of the erosive and ulcerative process of the gastric mucosa in children has not been established. The predominance of the activity of antral gastritis in his relation with infection H. pylori (p = 0,0009) and bacterial content of H. pylori in the mucosa of the stomach had been marked in Tuvinians in comparison with Caucasians. These indices in Tuvinians were associated with the metaplasticity process. Conclusion. Tuvinians schoolchildren in the Republic of Tuva have higher H. pylori infection rate. H. pylori-associated gastritis has a more progressive course in aboriginal children. The authors believe an evaluation of the course of the pathological process in Tuvan children can be the basis for creating eradication therapy programs for indigenous children in the Republic of Tuva, which must take into account the regional specificity of the diseases associated with H. pylori in order to prevent precancerous changes.