Abstract
This article discusses the basic concepts of Berdyaev’s philosophy, traces the relationship of his philosophical view and political convictions. This relationship is revealed through the concept of personality, which is the central concept of Berdyaev’s philosophy. Through the attitude to the personality, we can reveal the attitude of N. A. Berdyaev to the institution of the state, understand the social preferences of the Russian philosopher, who has come a long way from the representative of Russian Marxism to Russian religious philosophy. Having understood his ideas about the ideal structure of society, we can understand the attitude of N. A. Berdyaev to the Soviet state. The article distinguishes between two different types of relationships: the individual and society - collectivism and communitarianism. Berdyaev’s view is shown in the origins of Russian communism, which, in the opinion of the philosopher, are found not only in Western European philosophy, but also in the historical mentality of Russian people.
Highlights
One of the greatest Russian philosophers of the twentieth century is N.A
The purpose of this work is to analyze the basic concepts of Berdyaev’s philosophy, it traces the path from the philosophical worldview of the Russian philosopher to his social and civic position
Berdyaev, which is the basic concept of his philosophy
Summary
The main purpose of this article is to clarify the basic concepts of N.A. Berdyaev philosophy. The views of N.A. Berdyaev of the Soviet state in this article will be given by contrasting the views of another well-known Russian philosopher, I.A. Ilyin, who once noted that communism is organically alien to the Russian spiritual order, and there is a kind of bacillus against which the Russian person does not found immunity: "The disease that plagues Russia today, namely: militant godlessness, anti-Christianity; materialism that denies conscience and honor; terrorist socialism; totalitarian communism; universal love of power, allowing without all means - all this single and terrible ailment is not of Russian, but of West European origin "[6, 21]. This issue should not be addressed in the framework of this article - it requires its own separate consideration
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