The Standards of Living of a Northern Region and Ways of Their Improvement (by the Example of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutiya))

Abstract

The Object of the Study is a northern territory (the Republic of Sakha (Yakutiya).The Subject of the Study the living standards of the population of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutiya).The Purpose of the Study is to identify the most important problems of the standards of living of a northern region (by the example of the Republic in Sakha (Yakutiya)) and finding ways of their improvement.Methods of Investigation: analysis of the statistics and the data of the public bodies of the State administration on the issues of demographic development, changes in the dynamics of incomes of the population, subsistence minimum, life expectancy, etc. It is found that sustainable development of northern regions can be achieved by raising the standards of living of the population and this is one of the conditions for ensuring national security of Russia. More than half of the total area of the country belongs to the northern territories. The regions of the North give 60% of all foreign exchange earnings of the Russian Federation. The transition to market relations significantly affected the deterioration of the quality of the social infrastructure of the North. Over the past 15 years, all subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District, except for the Republic of Sakha (Yakutiya), have lost their population. The reasons for the migration outflow are the reduction of material incentives for work in the Far North. There is a limited access to quality medical, educational and cultural services.Thanks to the measures taken, in the period of 2002-2016 life expectancy increased by 7 years in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutiya), Khabarovskiy Kray, Amur and Magadan Oblast’s. The Republic of Sakha (Yakutiya) has a number of unresolved problems that are deterrent factors in raising the living standards of the population of the northern region which are a high cost of travel on vacation during summer season, a significant proportion of old and dilapidated housing in the general housing stock and poor quality of drinking water. To solve these problems it is necessary a support of the federal bodies of the state power