The spread of blue tongue in Europe

Abstract

In recent years, vector-borne diseases are (re)-emerging and spreading across the world, having a profound impact on human and animal health, ecology, socio-economics and disease management. Arguably, the best documented example of veterinary importance is the recent twofold invasion of blue tongue in Europe. In this paper, the history of the introduction and establishment of blue tongue in Europe is reviewed. It is also discussed how wind can play a major role in its spread once established. This example serves as an introduction to a more general discussion on how the current state of the art in this field may impact on policy making.